The small distinguishing mark you see over a lowercase /i/ and a lowercase /j/ is called a tittle - an interesting name that seems like a portmanteau
(combination) of "tiny" and "little," and refers to a small point or
stroke in writing and printing. Generally, a diacritic dot such as a
tittle is also referred to as a glyph.
However, in regards to /i/ and /j/ - the removal of the mark is still
likely to be read as /I/ or /J/; as such, these are not examples of a
glyph.
Derived from the Latin word "titulus,"
meaning "inscription, heading," the tittle initially appeared in Latin
manuscripts beginning in the 11th century as a way of individualizing
the neighboring letters /i/ and /j/ in the thicket of handwriting. With
the introduction of the Roman-style typeface in the late 1400's, the
original large mark was reduced to the small dot we use today.
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